Science and technology is a term of art used to encompass the relations
hip between science and technology. It frequently appears within titles of
academic disciplines (Science and technology studies).
The history of science is the study of the historical development of
science and scientific knowledge, including both the natural science and social
sciences (types of science). From the 18th century through the 20th
century, the history of science was often presented in a progressive narrative
in which the theories replaced false beliefs. More recent historical
interpretations, such as those of THOMAS KUHN, and to portray the history of
science in more advanced terms, such as that of competing paradigms or
conceptual systems in a wider matrix that includes intellectual, cultural,
economic and political themes outside of science.
Science is a body of empirical, theoretical and practical knowledge
about the natural world, produced by scientists who emphasize the observation,
explanation and prediction of real world phenomena.
Historiography of science, in contrast, often draws on the historical
methods of both intellectual history and social history; however, the English word
scientist is relatively recent-first coined by Willian Whewell in the 19th
century. Previously, people investigating nature called themselves natural
philosophers. This history started from oral tradition to written record what
really is science.
HISTORY OF TECHNOLOGY
The history of technology is the history of the invention of tools and
techniques, and is similar in many ways to the history of humanity. Background
knowledge has enable people to create new things and conversely, many
scientific endeavours have become possible through technologies.
Technology means harnessing of energy which will make the other form of
live easy, the energy are divided into five stages of human development; energy
from our muscles, energy from domestic animals, energy from plants, energy from
natural resources (Coal, oil, gas) and the harness nuclear energy. White
introduce a formula P=E X T, where E is a measure of energy consumed, and T is
the measure of efficiency of technical factors utilizing the energy.
IMPORTANCE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
With the help of science and technology, human being have achieved in
the following fields which aids standard of livings such as
a. Agriculture:
scientist and technologist were able to develop various crops and animals which
bring effective yields in fruits, grains, tubers, meat, skin milk etc and the
duration of maturity are also reduced.
b. Health:
scientists and technologists developed drugs and instruments which are used in
treating particular illnesses and help in detecting illness and malfunction of
some organs in the body.
c. Education:
science and technology help in developing some instructional materials which
help or facilitate learning in schools and universities. This is done in areas
like developing educational software, digital technologies in education, ICT in
education, impact, multimedia learning, virtual campus, virtual education etc.
d. Energy:
science and technology in the fields of nuclear engineering, nuclear
technology, petroleum engineering and soft energy technology help in developing
energy which is the main sources of development in the country.
e. IT and communication: through
information technology and communication (telephone) information are fast
delivered which help save life, protection and save expenses.
f. Defence:
with the help of science and technology, we can properly defend ourselves and
nation by the construction of guns and bombs even when it has disadvantages
g. Transport:
with the help of all these engineering (Aerospace, automotive, naval
architecture, space technology, traffic and transport), transportation is made
easy by land, water, air and pipe.
h. Others:
many other ways of life in which technology have helped in development of
countries and human race.
SCIECNE AND TECHNOLOGY AS A CAREER
As we have known what science and technology is and we also have known
that God is Omniscient, if you have picked science at you level, you have made
a good choice but in the fields of science, we should know our interest and our
capabilities in taking such fields and the subjects we should offer in Senior
Secondary School and these are highlighted below:
Ø Medicine: in
science generally, you should credit chemistry, biology, physics, English and
mathematic as entry qualification into the university but you should be very
strong in biology, chemistry and physics which are the major subjects.
Ø Agriculture: you
should be major in agriculture and other natural sciences named above for any
fields in agricultural studies.
In general for any career taken in chemistry related courses, you
should be strong in chemistry in the same vein and physics related courses need
to be strong in physics and also biology related course.
No course is hard and no course is simple, whatever you want to be in
the fields of science and technology, you work harder as if God will not help you
and pray harder as if your hard work will not help you and you will make it in
life.
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION:
In summary, to be a technologist or a scientist, you must be strong in
biology, physics, chemistry, mathematics and English language and through
serious studies at your level and as you proceed to universities, the subjects
narrows.
I therefore recommend that such seminar and science week like this
should be constantly organized for all SSS 1 students of all time to help them
choose their careers.
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